Hydrogen Industry

Hydrogen Fueling Opportunity

Hydrogen Fuel Cell vehicles are superior to other fuel alternatives - including battery electric vehicles

Long Haul and Public Transportation will lead Hydrogen Fuel Penetration

Hydrogen fuel vehicle sales expected to grow exponentially - USA is behind in number of fueling stations to support growth

Companies Invested in Hydrogen:

Alternative Fuel - 20,000 Battery Electric Fueling Stations - Less than 100 Hydrogen Fueling Stations #opportunity

Hydrogen Fueling stations is the MISSING infrastructure to drive vehicle growth and demand

Attractive Federal & California Carbon Credits Program

PowerTap’s model will provide for costs of modular construction to existing fueling stations in California

PowerTap’s Hydrogen Fueling Station allows fueling station operators to participate in California’s LCFS - generating revenue prior to the sale of Hydrogen Fuel

PowerTap Fuel provides Carbon Credits in addition to Fuel Margin - increased revenue

Long Haul Truck (Class 8) Fuel Comparison

Fuel Type (1) Driving Range (Miles) Fueling Time (Minutes) Cost Per Mile (Cents)
CNG 370 30 36.78
Diesel 812 15 33.44
Battery Electric (2) 400 480 37.5
Hydrogen 900 30 15

* Greenhouse Gas Emissions

1)All fuel cost/mile numbers excludes incentives

2)No battery electric long haul trucks expected to due to economics and large battery needed for trucks

Hydrogen Vehicles

Hydrogen Cars

2014 - Hyundai Tucson FCEV
2015 - Toyota Mirai
2018 - Honda Clarity
2020 - BMW plans hydrogen cars

Hydrogen Trucks

2020 - Hyundai
2022/23 - Nikola Motors
2020 - Toyota Announced
2020 - Volvo/Daimler Announced

Audi H-Tron Quottro
Chevrolet Colorado ZH2
Honda Clarity Fuel Cell
Hyundai NEXO
Mercedes Banz GLC F-Cell
Nissan X-Trail
Toyota Mirai (FCV)
AC Transit Buses
SunLine Transit Buses

Hydrogen FCEV vs. Alternative Fuels

  Hydrogen FCEV BEV (TESLA) Gas/Diesel
Pollutant Emission No emission No emission Lots of pollutant emissions
Vehicles Lifecycle > 10 years Need to replace battery after several years use Around 10 years
Charging Time 5-10 minutes 1 hour plus 5-10 minutes
Fuel Costs Inexpensive with fueling credits offered by vehicle manufacturers Lower costs currently and no fueling incentives Comparable to Hydrogen FCEV but no government incentives available
Infrastructure Limited, but the number of hydrogen stations is increasing. There are currently 40 stations in California
A few strategically located refueling stations (e.g. at the ports and along the freight corridors) can satisfy most of the fuel cell truck refueling needs
Limited high power stations (350Kw) for heavy duty vehicles 120Kw and under charging stations plentiful along west coast Plentiful
Types of Operations - Near dock operation
- Local operation
- Regional operation
Battery weight and range become significant concerns for regional and longer operations - Near dock operation
- Local operation
- Regional operation

Hydrogen Production Alternatives1

Technology Onsite/Offsite Production Cost of Production per kg Key Raw Materials
Offsite SMR & CSD
Compression, Storage & Delivery
Offsite $11.48
(Cost to station owner)
Natural Gas
Electrolysis (NEL) Onsite $11.152 Electricity3
Onsite SMR
Steam Methane Reformation PowerTap system
Onsite $3.502 Renewable Natural Gas
  1. Source: Levelized Cost of Production Calculated by EIN using data from “California Power-to-Gas and Power-to-Hydrogen Near-Term Business Case Evaluation” Eichman, Josh, Flores-Espino, Francisco, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, December 2016.
  2. Includes maintenance costs but excludes carbon credit benefits
  3. >60% of USA electricity generated from fossil fuels